Welding-machine.



A. S. HA1 CH.

WELDING MAChlNE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. I0, 1913.

Patented July 6, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A. S. HATCH.

WELDING MACHINE.

llllllllllllll ED JAN-10,1913- 1,145,413, PatentedJuly 6, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1W 1% ..///////Alll| Q II I x Q R @F Bis/ll! A. S. HATCH.

WELDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 19:3

Patented July 6, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A.-S. HATCH.

WELDING MACHINE.

APPUCATION FILED JAN. 10, I913- 1',145,413. 7 Patented July 6, 1915.-

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUSTIN S. HATC H, 0F DETROIT,

MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS H. FERGUSON, OF I OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

WELDING-MACHINE.

To all whom it ma concern:

Be it known 1; at I, AUsTIn S. HATCH,

' readily accessible for purposes of inspection, repair and replacement.

One feature ofthe invention consists 1n novel means for adjusting the welding terminals to adapt them for service upon work of different dimensions; a second in novel means for bringing the terminals into operative engagement with the material to be welded upon each welding operation; a third in a novel arrangement of these terminals with magnetic means for insurlng the proper heating of the material to be welded; a fourth in a novel transformer core construction and mounting; and a fifth in the general arrangement. of the frame, core and windings, and the work ng terminals and their supports. According to thls latter feature, the iron used to mechanically hold the parts in place is located, as far as possible, within the windings to prevent magnetic leakage and consequent waste of energy. These several features, together with other features and advantages, will be best -understood upon reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, and the scope of the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing, Figure 1 1s a side elevation of a welding machine constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is an end elevation viewed from the left in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 1s a detail view illustrating the mechanism for adjusting the upper terminal support; Fig.

5 is a side elevation of a second machine illustrating a different frame, core and ter-' minal construction and arrangement; Fig. 6 is an end elevation of this latter machine viewed from the right in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the transformer core and mounting of this latter machine, drawn to a smaller scale; and Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 10, 1913. Serial No. 741,258.

terial.

the action of the magnet associated with the welding terminals of this latter machine.

Throughout these figures, like characters refer to like parts.

In the drawing, 10 designates the base, which may be of any suitable shape. This .base is provided at its upper end with a plate 11 which constitutes part of the frame structure. The transformer core 12 is supported upon this plate 11 and consists of the usual laminations of iron employed in transformer construction. Angle irons 13, 14, 15 and 16, which constitute frame members of the machine, serve to clamp these laminations to ether and to hold them in place. Bolts 1 18 and 19 extend horizontally between the angle irons 13 and 14, 17 and 18 at one end of the core, and 19 at the other. By turning up the nuts on these bolts, the laminations may be compactly held between these angle irons. To provide for the proper spacing, spacing sleeves, such as 20, are provided on the exteriors of these bolts and engage the vertical websv of the angle plates at their opposite ends. These spacers are preferably of non-magnetic ma- Just as the bolts 17, 18 and 19 connect the vertical webs of the angle irons l3 and 14, the bolts 21, 22 and 23 connect the vertical webs of the angle irons 15 and 16 located at the upper edge of the core. This Patented July 6, 1915;

provides for the clamping of the laminations of the core. To secure this structure to the plate 11, the horizontal webs of angle irons 13 and 14 are connected to the plate 11 by bolts 24 and 25. Bolts 26, 27, 28, 29 connect the upper and lower angle irons, passing through their horizontal webs and .being provided with suitable nuts and spacing sleeves 30. These spacing sleeves 30, which are preferably composed of non-magnetic material, serve to accurately aline and hold the frame members when the nuts on the bolts are tightened up.

The laminations which form the core 12 are each provided with a central aperture 31 so as to leave two vertical portions 32.

A and located, respectively, upon the upright portions 32 and 33 of the core. These' windings consist of a large number of turns and are to be connected in series or otherwise, as desired, to a suitable electric current supply. The secondary winding 36 is made up of a number of laminations or strips of copper orlike conducting materlal and is given but a few turns about the core. These turnsare preferably as illustrated, a single turn being made about each of the primary windings 33 and 34'and the ends of the around behind the primary winding 35, forward through the opening 31, to the left across the front of primary-wmdmg 34,

thence'around the rear of the latter turning toward the right,'then through the opening 31, across the face of the primar winding 35 toward the right, thence rece ing along the right-hand face of the winding 35, and finally curving outward to the far side of the terminal 38, to which it is secured. Where the turns of the secondary winding 36 cross each other they are insulatedfrom each other as. at' 36, to prevent shortcircuiting.

Terminals 37 and 38 are firmly secured by bolts 41 and 42, respectively, to the outer ends of the supports 43 and 44. The latter is provided by extending the plate 11' and decreasing it in width,v as illustrated in Fig. 2. This support is therefore rigid.

K The support 43, on the other hand, consists of a separate member which is movably se cured at its inner end and arranged for vertical adjustment. ThlS is to adapt the machine for service upon work of varying d1- inensions. This adjustment is accomplished by securing the inner end of the support 43 to a sleeve 45 and threading the latter upon a vertical rod46 which is. pivotally secured at its lower end by a ivot 47 to brackets 48 and 49 extending ownward from the angle irons 15 and 16, being secured. to the horizontal webs of the latter by bolts 50 and 51, respectively. A nut 52 is threaded upon the lower end of the sleeve 45 after the latter and support 43 have been assembled. The rod 46 is also preferably provided with a T-shaped head 53 which accurately fits between the bearings formed at the lower ends of the brackets 48 and 49, the'pivot' pin 47 'assing through these bearings and the hea 53.

The terminal blocks 37 and 38 of the secondary winding 36 areprovided with alined welding points or terminals 54 and 55.

These may be. secured in an suitable .way

to the terminal blocks 37 an 38, As illustrated, they are set in openings in the lat ter and are held in position set screws 56 and 57, respectively. In order to bring these welding terminals 54 and 55 into operative engagement with the material to be welded, the rod 58, and its associated parts,

is employed. This rod extends vertically through openings in the supports 43 and 44 and is threaded at its opposite ends for the reception of nuts 59 and 60, the latter being separated from the support 44 by a washer 61. At the upper end of the rod 58, two cooperating cam members 62 and 63 are located. The latter is provided, onits under side, with pins 64 which set into openings in the upper face of the support 43 and, on its upper side, with a series of inclined faces 65. Because of the engagement of the pins 64 with the support 43, this cam member 63 cannot be rotated. The coiiperating cam member 62, however, is free to rotate about the rod 58. Handles or levers 66 extend outward from opposite sides of this cam member 62. The under face of the cam member 62 is provided with a seriesof inclined faces which coiiperate with the faces 65 upon the cam member 63. As the member 62 is rotated upon the member 63, the cooperating cam faces force the support'43 downward and thereby bring the weldin terminals 54 and 55 into engagement with the material to be welded. By one adjustment of the nut 59, this operative engagement of the terminals 54 and 55 with the work may be brought'about by partially rotating-the cam member 62 and then returning it to its initial position. By 'a'difierent adjustment, this engagement of the terminals with the work may be brought about only when the cam faces on the member 62 pass from one set of faces 65 on the cam member 63 to the next. With this latter adjustment, -a continuous rotation of the cam member 62 in one'direction will bring about successive and repeated engagements of the terminals 54 and 55 with. the work. After each engagement of the terminals with the work, they are restored to normal position by coiled spring .69 acting between support 4.3 and a sleeve 70 engaging the spring at one end and support 44 at the other. Preferably,'both spring 69- and sleeve 70 arethreaded upon rod 58 and all threespring, sleeve and rod-are composed of non-magnetic material.

' For convenience in handlingthe mechanism, a yoke 66 is provided. This yoke extends between the angle irons 15. and 16 at the upper portion of the frame structure and is secured to the horizontal webs of the latter by bolts 67 and 68. When it is desired to shift the machine from point to point, the

hook of suitable hoisting and conveying and the machine readily lifted and shlfted as desired.

In operation, current is suppliedto the primary windings 34 and 35. Ordinarily,

this current will be of'the usual commercial potential and amperage. By reason of the ratio of the number of primary and secondary turns, the current induced in the secondary winding 36 will be of low voltage and high amperage. ,When the work to be welded has been inserted between the weldmg terminals 54 and 55, after suitable adjustment of the support 43 to suit the dimension of the work, each pull upon one of the handles 66 will close the secondary circuit through the parts to be welded and the re-. sulting heavy flow of current, combined with the pressure exerted by the terminals, will be suflicient to properly heat and weld the rts. In the form of the invention illustrated -1Il Figs. 5, 6 and 7, the arran ement of the windings upon the core, an the arrangement of the terminal supportsand the means for adjustin and operating them, are the same as in t e form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive. In the second form of the invention, however, the core and frame construction and the arrangement of the welding terminals is somewhat difl'erent. The transformer core s made up of two sections or bundles of laminations 70 and 71, clamped together between the frame members 72 and 73 by vertical bolts 7 4,-as clearly illustrated in Figs. 5 and 7. This arrangement is provided especially for convenience in assembling and disassembling for the purposes of repair and mspection. The laminations of the section 70 are held together by transverse bolts 7 5, wh1le the correspondin laminations of section 71 are similarly he (1 together by bolts 76. Thus, each section may be made up as a separate unit. They are then assembled by fitting them together, as shown in the drawing. \Vhen placed between the plates 72 and 73 with the bolts 74in position and their nuts screwed down, a compact and efficient arrangement is provided. With this core construction, the primary windings 34, 35, and the secondary winding 36' are disposed as in the case of the core of the machine of Fig. 1. But in assembling windings upon the core, the windings may be first made up and then the core sections sli ped into place through them and the who e clamped together by the plates 72, 73, and the bolts 74. By reason of the proximity of the bolts 74 to the sides of the core, they are embraced within the primary windings 34, 35, and so add to the cross section of the magnetic path through the iron. This frame and core construction is then mounted upon the plate 11 of the base 10 in any suitable manner. In

these bolts down through these three plates and providing aspacing sleeve 79 between the plates 72 and 3. n order to prevent magnetic leakage, these bolts 78 and their sleeves 79 are composed of non-magnetic ma-.

terial. The upper'terminal support 43 is secured to the upper frame plate 72 by means of brackets 48 and 49, 'just as it was secured to the upper angle irons 15 and 16 of the form of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1.

In the machine of Fig. 5, the secondary winding 36 leads to terminal blocks 37 37, mounted upon the outer end of the support 43 and insulated from that support by suitable insulation 80 and from each other by suitable insulation 81. A bridging terminal 38 is mounted upon the outer end of the lower support 44 and is suitably insulated from it by insulation 82. In this form of the invention, the terminal blocks 37 and 37" are provided, respectively, with welding terminals 54' and 54". These welding terminals are, respectively, in alinement ace the plates I with two welding terminals 55 secured to v set screws 83 and 84, just as in the case of the corresponding parts in Fig. 1. By reason of this arrangement of the parts, the secondary circuit is completed between the terminals of the secondary winding 36 by passing either through terminal block 37 welding terminal 54, one welding terminal 55, block 38, the other weldin terminal 55', welding terminal 54" an terminal block 37", or in the reverse direction according to the direction of flow of current at the instant considered. With the arrangement of the parts illustrated in this form of the invention, two overlapping strips may be welded together at two points,

' the metal between terminals 54' and 55' being heated and welded, and the metal between terminals 55 and 54" being also heated and welded. Where the resistance tothe flow of current between terminals 54 and 54 is less through the material worked upon than through the highly conductive path provided by terminals 55' and terminal block 38', then I use the electromagnet 85 and connect its windings 86 into circuit with some suitable source of supply in order to repel the path of the current through the work and thereby increase the resistance to its flow through the material worked upon and cause it to take the path of less resistance through the terminals 55' and terminal block 38. The effect of the magnet 85 upon the terminal blocks and held in place by the path of the current through the material.

. by the magnet, repel and the current is forced to take a longer path through the material. When the resistance of this increased path exceeds that through the terminals 55 and block '38, then the current will take this latter path. Magnet 85 may be mounted in any suitable way, as upon the bracket 87, secured to the lower support 44 by bolt 88. In this form of the invention, the terminals are adjusted to suit the dimensions of the work and are actuated to bring about the welding operation in just the same way as in the caseof the machine of Fig. 1. Ea ch pull upon the handle 66 will close he secondary circuit of the winding 36, as we have just seen, and the metal will be heated and welded.

In carrying out my invention, I do not wish to be limited 'to -the precise matter herein disclosed, but'realize that many alterations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I therefore aim tocover all such alterations and modifications by the terms of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. An electric welding machine comprising a frame having upper and lower frame members, a laminated core located between said frame members, primary and secondary windings on said core, alined welding terminals, substantially parallel supports for said terminals extending outward from the ends of said upper and lower frame members, respectively, at .substantially right angles to said terminals, a pivotal connection between said frame and one of said supports, the pivot of such connection lying between the said core and terminals and the pivot of such connection and the welding point lying in a line substantially parallel to said supports, and means acting upon said.

supports to bring said terminals into operative engagement with the work.

2. An electric welding machine compris: ing a frame, a laminated core embraced by said frame, primary and secondary windings on said core, alined welding terminals, substantially parallel supports for said terminals extending at substantially right angles to said terminals, one of said supports being rigidly secured to said frame, a pivotal connection between the other of saidsupports and said frame, means for adjusting said latter support upon said connection .toward and from said first mentioned support, and

means acting u on said supports to .bring T ondary windings on said core, alined weld ing'terminals, substantially parallel sup ports for said terminals extending at-su stantially right angles to said terminals, a

carrying member for one of said supports pivoted to said frame at a point forming with the welding point a line substantially parallel to said supports, means for adjustng the support on said carrying member to ward and from said other support, and means acting upon said supports to bring said terminals into operatlve engagement with the work.

4. An electric welding machine comprising a frame, a laminated core, primary and sec ondary windings on said core, weldingter--- minals, substantially parallel sup orts for said terminals extending outward i inner end of one'of said supports is secured, a rod upon which said sleeve is threaded exsupport, a pivot connecting the inner end of said rod to said frame, and means for actuating 'said supports to bring said terminals into operative engagement with the a frame having upper and lower horlzontal members, a core having vertically disposed laminated sheets secured within said rame rom said 'frame, an ad ustable sleeve to which the tending at substantially right angles to said between its said upper and lower members,

horizontally disposed primary windings upon the vertical portions of the core, similarly disposed secondary windings of lamiwindings, supports extending outward from the upper and lower portions of said frame, welding .terminals extendin toward each other from the outer ends 0 said supports, and means extending between said supports and operative to actuate them to bring said 7105 nated copper surrounding said primary terminals into operative engagement with the work.

6. An electric weldingmachine comprising a core of vertically disposed laminations, upper and lower frame members, vertical bolts on either side of said core uniting said frame members, horizontally disposed primary windings surrounding the vertical portions of said core and saidbolts, similarly disposed secondary windin of laminated supports extending outward from the upper and lower frame members, welding terminals extending toward each other from the outer ends of said supports, and means extending between said supports and operative to actuatethem-to bring said terminals into operative engagement with the work.

copper surrounding said primary windings,

7. An electric welding machine comprising a core of vertically disposed laminations, upper and lower frame members bearing upon the upper and lower edges of the core laminations, vertical bolts on either side of said core uniting said frame members and securely clamping said core, horizontally disposed primary windings surrounding the vertical portions ofsaid core and said bolts, similarly disposed secondary windings of laminated copper surrounding said primary windings, supports extending outward from the upper and lower frame members, welding terminals extendin toward each other from'the outer ends 0 said supports,-

and means extending between said supports and operative to actuate them to bring said terminals into operative engagement with the work..

8. An electric welding machine comprising a core of two sections of vertically disposed laminations, upper and lower frame members bearing upon the upper and lower edges of said core, vertical bolts on either side of said core uniting said frame members and securely clamping said core, hori a pair of welding terminals mounted upon the outer end of one of said supports and insulated from it and each other and connected electrically to the ends of said secondary winding, a second pair of weldin terminals mountedupon, and insulated om, the outer end of the other of said supports and electrically connected, said second pair being in alinement with and cooperating with said first pair'in the welding opera tion, and means for bringing said pairs of i 4 terminals into operative engagement with the work.

10. An electric welding machine comprising a frame, a laminated core,'primary and secondary windings on said core, supports extending outward from said frame, a pair of welding terminals mounted upon the outer end of one of said supports and insulated from it and each other and connected electrically to the ends-of said secfrom, the outer end of the other of said supports and electrically connected, said second pair being in alinement with and cooperatingwith said first pair in the weld- I.

ing operation, means for bringing said-pairs of-terminals into operative engagement with the work, and means for compelling the-current induced in said secondary winding to pass from one to the other of said first pair of terminals by way of said second pair rather than directly through the work. 11. An electric welding machine comprising a frame, a laminated core, primary and secondary windings'on said core, supports extending outward'from said frame, a pair of welding terminals mounted upon the outer end of one of said supports and insulated from it and each other and connected electrically to the ends of said secondary winding, a second pair of welding terminals mounted upon, and insulated from, the outer end of the other of said supports and electrically connected, said second pair being in alinement with and cooperating with said first pair in the weldin operation, means for bringing said pairs 0 terminals into operative engagement with the work, and an electromagnet having its poles located adj acent to and between the terminals of each.

pair and operative to compel the current induced in said secondary winding to pass from one to the other of said first pair of terminals by. way-0f saidsecond pair rather than directly through the work.

12. An electric welding machine comprising a pair of welding terminals suitably spaced and insulated from each other and operative to engage one side of the work at different points, a second pair of welding terminals electrically connected together and operatixe to engage the other side of the )work at points opposite the points of engagement of said first pair, electrical con- .nections to the terminals of said first pair for supplying-welding current, means for bringing said pairs of terminals into operative engagement with the work, and a magnet having its poles arranged to lie on op-' -posite sides of said work at points substantially intermediate of the terminals of each of said pairs of welding terminals, respectively, whereby welding current passes through said work at the points engaged by said welding terminals.

13. An'electric welding machine comprising a pair of welding terminals suitably spaced and insulated from each other and o erative to engage one side of the work at difl'erent points, a second pair of welding terminals electrically connected together and operative to engage the other side of the work at points opposite the points ofengagement of said first pair, electrical connections to the terminals of said first pair for supplying welding current, means for bringing said pairs of terminals into opera- In witness whereof; I hereunto subsoribe tive engagement with the Work, and means my name this 3rd da of J anuary 1912.

- A STIN s. HATCH for diverting the current from the path otherwise open to it from one terminal of Witnesses: v 5 said first pair to the other terminal of said I J. M. PATERSON,

pair direqtly through the Work. W. B. F. BROWN. 

